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Johnson, Simon Teuscher & David Warren Sabean 2011, India Journal: Tis the Season to be Shopping, Pakistan parliament adopts resolution for Holi, Diwali, Easter holidays, "The Svanti Festival: Victory over Death and the Renewal of the Ritual Cycle in Nepal", "Diwali Festival 2020 India:Date,Story,Celebration,Diwali Special Gift", "Krishna Killed Narakasur - The Narakasur Legend of Diwali - Diwali Legend", Diwali Celebrating the triumph of goodness, "2020 Yama Deepam date and timings for New Delhi, NCT, India", "The 'Yam-deep' or 'Jam ke Deeya' SWAHA International", "Significance of Yama Deepam on Diwali Eve", "Choti Diwali 2020 date: Kali Chaudas significance, when and how to celebrate", "2020 Hanuman Puja date and time during Diwali for New Delhi, NCT, India", If You Missed Diwali in India, Dallas Is the Place to Be, Manchester Dashehra and Diwali Mela plans announced, Festive season to boost India gold buying, India's banks face pre-Diwali cash crunch, Diwali lights up consumer spending, festive spirit beats inflation, Fear Of Toxic Smog Leads India To Limit Diwali Fireworks, Firework Facts: Americans Incinerate $1 Billion in July Fourth Fireworks Every Year, Oneline sales may surpass Rs 30000 crores in festive months, Average family to spend Rs. The name of this festival is derived from 'avali,' which means 'row,' and 'deepa,' meaning "clay lamps." The first day of Diwali is called Dhanvantari Triodasi or Dhanwantari Triodasi also called Dhan Theras. In other regions, parents invite a newly married daughter, or son, together with their spouses to a festive meal and give them gifts. Diwali, which is celebrated on different dates each year as it follows the lunar calendar, will begin on October 24 this year and last for five days. [123], This day is commonly celebrated as Diwali in Tamil Nadu, Goa, and Karnataka. The main festival day falls on a different date each autumn, timed to the Hindu lunar calendar, but it . Diwali (English: /dwli/), Dewali, Divali,[3] or Deepavali (IAST: dpval), also known as the Festival of Lights,[4][5] related to Jain Diwali, Bandi Chhor Divas, Tihar, Swanti, Sohrai, and Bandna, is a religious[6] celebration in Indian religions. Meaning "rows of lighted lamps," Diwali is a celebration of light over darkness for different cultures across the world, especially South Asia. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. In 2022, Diwali is on October 24. The main festival is on Sunday, but festivities begin on Friday, a day called Dhanteras. The inscription states that Ramachandracharya built and dedicated a drama performance hall, with a golden cupola, on Diwali. Although most important for Hindus, the festival is also observed by Jains, Sikhs, and some Buddhists. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Choti Diwali is the major shopping day for festive, Annakut community meals (left), Krishna holding, A sister ritually feeding her brother on Bhai Duj-Diwali, Dhanteras, Dhanatrayodashi, Yama Deepam (Day 1), Naraka Chaturdashi, Kali Chaudas, Chhoti Diwali, Hanuman Puja, Roop Chaudas, Yama Deepam (Day 2), Annakut, Balipratipada (Padwa), Govardhan Puja (Day 4), Bhai Duj, Bhau-Beej, Vishwakarma Puja (Day 5). People will wear their best clothes and pray to Lakshmi as lamps are lit outside homes and temples. [47][b], The five-day celebration is observed every year in early autumn after the conclusion of the summer harvest. Hindus celebrate Diwali. Part of the inscription, as translated by Kielhorn, reads: "the auspicious festival of lights which disperses the most profound darkness, which in former days was celebrated by the kings Ila, Kartavirya and Sagara, () as Sakra (Indra) is of the gods, the universal monarch who knows the duties by the three Vedas, afterwards celebrated here at Ranga for Vishnu, resplendent with Lakshmi resting on his radiant lap. It is believed that spirits roam around on the night of Kali Chaudas, and Hanuman, who is the deity of strength, power, and protection, is worshipped to seek protection from the spirits. The women, in particular, adorn themselves in colourful attire and decorate their hands with henna. Diwali Dates Detailed Information [13][14][93][94], A scholar of Jain and Nivethan, states that in Jain tradition, Diwali is celebrated in observance of "Mahavira Nirvana Divas", the physical death and final nirvana of Mahavira. It is a day in which people rid themselves of evil and everything negative. The lighting of the lamps celebrates the light of Mahaviras holy knowledge. Diwali is celebrated in the Hindu month of Kartik. . Diwali usually falls in October or November. This event is free and UCF students of all backgrounds are encouraged to attend. Food is a major focus with families partaking in feasts and sharing mithai. Dhan-trayodashi or Dhan teras: Dhan means "wealth" and Trayodashi means "thirteenth day." Thus, as the name . [56], Diwali was also described by numerous travelers from outside India. The second day, called NarakaChaturdashiorChotiDiwali, commemorates Krishnas destruction of Narakasura; prayers are also offered for the souls of ancestors. https://www.learnreligions.com/when-is-diwali-1539426 (accessed March 4, 2023). Amavasya is thought of as the darkest night of the year and is holy to Hindus. [125], Some Hindus observe Yama Deepam (also known as Yama Dipadana or Jam ke Diya) on the second day of Diwali, instead of the first day. In Australia, over one million Hindus, Jains, Buddhists and Sikhs celebrate versions of the festival, which include Tihar and Bandi Chhor Diwas. The dates of Diwali change every year as it dependent on the moon cycle. Many participate in other socio-political events as a symbol of support for diversity and inclusiveness. Confectioners and shops create Diwali-themed decorative displays, selling these in large quantities, which are stocked for home celebrations to welcome guests and as gifts. Diwali celebrates Rama's eventual defeat of the evil spirit Ravana, and his triumphant return to his home. Dev Deepawali or Dev Diwali takes place on the full-moon night of the Hindu month of Kartika. Diwali is the Festival of Lights, observed by Indian communities around the world. Diwali lasts five days, and the main celebrations are held on the third day of the festival. Diwali, also spelled Divali, one of the major religious festivals in Hinduism, Jainism, and Sikhism, lasting for five days from the 13th day of the dark half of the lunar month Ashvina to the second day of the light half of the lunar month Karttika. Lasting over five days, the holiday is celebrated by millions of Hindus, Jains, and Sikhs worldwide. The festivities vary between different regions. [121] It is also celebrated as Roop Chaudas in some North Indian households, where women bathe before sunrise, while lighting a Diya (lamp) in the bath area, they believe it helps enhance their beauty it is a fun ritual that young girls enjoy as part of festivities. It is commemorated on the 15th day of Kartik, the Hindu calendar's holiest month. The diyas (lamps) are mentioned in Skanda Kishore Purana as symbolising parts of the sun, describing it as the cosmic giver of light and energy to all life and which seasonally transitions in the Hindu calendar month of Kartik. The common celebratory practices are known as the festival of light, however there are minor differences from state to state in India. Diwali this year is a close-knit family affair. The word "avali" means row and "deepa . [52] In Nepal, it is also a multiday festival, although the days and rituals are named differently, with the climax being called the Tihar festival by Hindus and Swanti festival by Buddhists. It is one of the most important festivals within Hinduism[7][8] where it generally lasts five days (or six in some regions of India), and is celebrated during the Hindu lunisolar months of Ashvin (according to the amanta tradition) and Kartika (between mid-October and mid-November). The holiday overlaps with the Hindu New Year and as a result is associated with a chance to reset and start anew. Diwali Decor. [43] In western states such as Gujarat, and certain northern Hindu communities of India, the festival of Diwali signifies the start of a new year. Each day has a special significance as follows. "When Is Diwali in 2021, 2022 and 2023?" Homes are decorated, and floors inside and out are covered with rangoli, consisting of elaborate designs made of colouredrice, sand, or flower petals. Diwali is known as the festival of lights in India. [177][s], The use of fireworks also causes an increase in the number of burn injuries in India during Diwali. This celebration lasts five days and takes place during the Hindu lunisolar month, Kartika. The final day is Bhai Dooj and similarly, celebrates the bonds between brothers and sisters. Diwali is the Indian "festival of lights"a holiday that celebrates the triumph of good over evil. It celebrates the sister-brother bond, similar in spirit to Raksha Bandhan but it is the brother that travels to meet the sister and her family. Diwali is celebrated every year in either October or November, based on the lunar cycle. It is a national holiday in India which marks its independence from the United Kingdom on August 15, 1947. [101] According to J.S. [49] (According to Indologist Constance Jones, this night ends the lunar month of Ashwin and starts the month of Kartik[50] but see this note[c] and Amanta and Purnima systems.) Every occasion represents two main things: 1. [100], Sikhs celebrate Bandi Chhor Divas in remembrance of the release of Guru Hargobind from the Gwalior Fort prison by the Mughal emperor Jahangir and the day he arrived at the Golden Temple in Amritsar. Diwali, the festival of lights, is a religious observance commemorated by Hindus, Sikhs, Jains and some Buddhists around the world. While different historical events are observed in different regions and by different faiths, Diwali represents the triumph of light over darkness, and knowledge over ignorance for all the cultures that celebrate it. ( See calendar ). Illustrative Islamic records, states Stephen Blake, include those of 16th-century Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi who wrote, "during Diwali. the ignorant ones amongst Muslims, particularly women, perform the ceremonies they celebrate it like their own Id and send presents to their daughters and sisters,. they attach much importance and weight to this season [of Diwali]. It's observed on the 15th day of Kartik, the holiest month in the Hindu lunar calendar. This year, Diwali will be on Thursday, Nov. 4. The day of Diwali itself falls on November 4. A variety of sweets are prepared using flour, semolina, rice, chickpea flour, dry fruit pieces powders or paste, milk solids (mawa or khoya) and clarified butter (ghee). [165] About two-thirds of Indian households, according to the ASSOCHAM forecast, would spend between 5,000 (US$63) and 10,000 (US$130) to celebrate Diwali in 2017. This year's date of celebration starts November 14, 2020. . Historical records appear inconsistent about the name of the lunar month in which Diwali is observed. Diwali is generally a time for visiting, exchanging gifts, wearing new clothes, feasting, feeding the poor, and setting off fireworks (though such displays have been restricted to limit noise and other environmental pollution). The exact dates change each year because it follows the lunar calendar, but it is typically celebrated in October or November over a 5-day span: On day. The festival isn't celebrated in Kerala though. One tradition starts a new month from the new moon, while the other starts it from the full moon. [112] [o] The looms, tools of trade, machines and workplaces are cleaned and prayers offered to these livelihood means. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. [117] Some Hindus observe Yama Deepa on the second night before the main day of Diwali.[118][119]. What makes Dev Deepawali different from Diwali? Everyone Practices Cancel Culture | Opinion, Deplatforming Free Speech is Dangerous | Opinion. [102] The festival of Diwali, according to Ray Colledge, highlights three events in Sikh history: the founding of the city of Amritsar in 1577, the release of Guru Hargobind from the Mughal prison, and the day of Bhai Mani Singh's martyrdom in 1738 as a result of his failure to pay a fine for trying to celebrate Diwali and thereafter refusing to convert to Islam. Many light diyas and keep them burning throughout the night. After firing, the fine dust particles get settled on the surrounding surfaces which are packed with chemicals like copper, zinc, sodium, lead, magnesium, cadmium and pollutants like oxides of sulfur and nitrogen. The festival usually falls between mid-October and mid-November. People often think of Diwali as a Hindu festival, but it is also celebrated by Sikhs and Jains . Diwali takes places every year, either in October or November, depending on the position of the Moon. One of the earliest reports on this variation was by Wilson in 1847. However, in South India, the festival is observed as the defeat of Narakasura. He has written several books about Hinduism for children and young adults. [103][104][k], Diwali is not a festival for most Buddhists, with the exception of the Newar people of Nepal who revere various deities in Vajrayana Buddhism and celebrate Diwali by offering prayers to Lakshmi. [19] Diwali is also marked with fireworks and the decoration of floors with rangoli designs, and other parts of the house with jhalars. Diwali is typically a four- or five-day event, starting two days before the new moon and extending two days afterward. [43], The puja and rituals in the Bengali Hindu community focus on Kali, the goddess of war, instead of Lakshmi. In his 11th-century memoir on India, the Persian traveler and historian Al Biruni wrote of Deepavali being celebrated by Hindus on the day of the New Moon in the month of Kartika. It also marks the beginning of the Hindu New Year. The third day is the day of Lakshmi Puja and the darkest night of the traditional month. In 2023, Diwali is on November 12. Join half a million readers enjoying Newsweek's free newsletters. [174][175] Barack Obama became the first president to personally attend Diwali at the White House in 2009. [81], Many Hindus associate the festival with Goddess Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth and prosperity, and wife of Vishnu. It's observed on the 15th day of Kartik, the holiest month in the Hindu lunar calendar. Some Hindu communities mark the last day as Bhai Dooj or the regional equivalent, which is dedicated to the bond between sister and brother,[111] while other Hindu and Sikh craftsmen communities mark this day as Vishwakarma Puja and observe it by performing maintenance in their work spaces and offering prayers. Gambling, especially in the form of card games, is encouraged as a way of ensuring good luck in the coming year and in remembrance of the games of dice played by Shiva and Parvati on Mount Kailasa or similar contests between Radha and Krishna. Residents of Amritsar lit lamps throughout the city to celebrate the occasion. The holiday falls in late October or early November each year, and in 2021, is on Thursday, November 4. . [140] According to Handelman and Shulman, as quoted by Pintchman, this legend is a Hindu metaphor for the cosmic process for creation and dissolution of the world through the masculine destructive power, as represented by Shiva, and the feminine procreative power, represented by Parvati, where twelve reflects the number of months in the cyclic year, while thirty are the number of days in its lunisolar month. This year it was from November 5th-9th and in 2019 it will be October 25-29th. Learn Religions, Oct. 12, 2021, learnreligions.com/when-is-diwali-1539426. It's believed that on this day the Goddess Lakshmi, often associated with wealth, abundance and good fortune, visits people's homes and fulfils their desires. Hindus celebrating Diwali in India. (The corresponding dates in the Gregorian calendar usually fall in late October and November.) Subhamoy Das is the co-author of "Applied Hinduism: Ancient Wisdom for Today's World." [68] In his paper on The Lunar Year of the Hindus, Jones, then based in Bengal, noted four of the five days of Diwali in the autumn months of Aswina-Cartica [sic] as the following: Bhutachaturdasi Yamaterpanam (2nd day), Lacshmipuja dipanwita (the day of Diwali), Dyuta pratipat Belipuja (4th day), and Bhratri dwitiya (5th day). They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Merchants perform religious ceremonies and open new account books. [135][136] At dusk, lamps placed earlier in the inside and outside of the home are lit up to welcome Lakshmi. Although not a primary festival of Buddhism, Diwali is celebrated by some Buddhists as a commemoration of the day when Emperor Ashoka converted to Buddhism in the 3rd century bce. The date of Deepavali on the new moon makes it the darkest night in the month of Kartik, when the nights are cold, long, and dark: all the lights make that darkness easier to bear. This year, the biggest day of festivities (Lakshmi Puja) will take place on November 4, 2021. Dipa oil lamps are often lit for Diwali celebrations. Sometimes these are wrapped with edible silver foil (vark). Diwali is celebrated in the Hindu month of Kartik. About Diwali. The Hindu calendar is based on both the sun and moon (while the Gregorian calendar is only based on the sun). Diwali is celebrated for five days, each with its own special significance. Diwali along with Holi for Hindus, and Easter for Christians, was adopted as public holiday resolution by Pakistan's parliament in 2016, giving the local governments and public institutions the right to declare Holi as a holiday and grant leave for its minority communities, for the first time. Since the 18th century, Diwali has been celebrated in Sikhism as the time of Guru Hargobinds return to Amritsar from captivity in Gwalior, an echo of Lord Ramas return to Ayodhya. Diwali for the year 2022 is observed on 24 October, which falls on a Monday. The Catholic dicastery Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue, founded as Secretariat for non-Christians by Pope Paul VI, began sending official greetings and the Pope's message to the Hindus on Diwali in the mid-1990s. According to Truschke, Aurangzeb did so because he found the festivals "distasteful" and also from "concerns with public safety" lurking in the background. [20], The festival is an annual homecoming and bonding period not only for families,[17][18] but also for communities and associations, particularly those in urban areas, which will organise activities, events and gatherings. The Jain Diwali celebrated in many parts of India has similar practices to the Hindu Diwali, such as the lighting of lamps and the offering of prayers to Lakshmi. [124] Many visit their favourite Hindu temple. Because the festival of Diwali is celebrated according to the lunar calendar, the dates are different each year. Diwali, also known as Deepavali, falls on 4 November this year. It is celebrated for five days across India and other parts of southern Asia, as well as in many other places around the world. In 2013, about 25 billion (US$310million) of fireworks were sold to merchants for the Diwali season, an equivalent retail value of about 50 billion (US$630million) according to The Times of India. The Prayer Hymn (Aarti) for the Hindu Diwali Celebration, Hindu Calendar: Days, Months, Years and Epochs, The Real Reason for the Hindu Raksha Bandhan Celebration, History and Significance of Diwali, the Festival of Lights, Reasons to Celebrate Diwali the Festival of Lights, Calendar of Hindu Festivals, Fasts, and Religious Events 20202025, The History of Vasant Panchami, the Birth of Hindu Goddess Saraswati, A Guide to the 6 Seasons of the Hindu Calendar, A Guide to Lohri, The Hindu Winter Bonfire Festival, Evaluating Population Exposure to Environmental Pollutants During Deepavali Fireworks Displays Using Air Quality Measurements of the Safar Network, Whose Diwali Is It? [143], In some rural communities of the north, west and central regions, the fourth day is celebrated as Govardhan puja, honouring the legend of the Hindu god Krishna saving the cowherd and farming communities from incessant rains and floods triggered by Indra's anger,[143] which he accomplished by lifting the Govardhan mountain. You can find out more and change our default settings with Cookies Settings. Because Diwali is such a meaningful celebration, festivities are often planned years in advance. Diwali falls on the 15th day of the Hindu month of Kartik, which is the new moon day of the first month of the lunar year. The festival of Diwali commemorates the return of Lord Rama to his kingdom after defeating Ravana. [73] According to Lorenz Franz Kielhorn, a German Indologist known for translating many Indic inscriptions, this festival is mentioned as Dipotsavam in verses 6 and 7 of the Ranganatha temple Sanskrit inscription of the 13th-century Kerala Hindu king Ravivarman Samgramadhira. Firecrackers also cause light pollution. [29][30] Newar Buddhists in Nepalese valleys also celebrate the Diwali festival over five days, in much the same way, and on the same days, as the Nepalese Hindu Diwali-Tihar festival. This is done via a bathing ritual called Abhyanga Snan. Diwali is celebrated for almost five days consecutively. Shiva surrenders his shirt and adornments to her, rendering him naked. Calendar Of Deepavali Holidays 2022.We present you with all the dates Diwali will have from 2022 till 2040. Dates for 2020 to 2025." [140], This day ritually celebrates the bond between the wife and husband,[143] and in some Hindu communities, husbands will celebrate this with gifts to their wives. [121] The day and its rituals are interpreted as ways to liberate any souls from their suffering in "Naraka", or hell, as well as a reminder of spiritual auspiciousness. [147] In historic times, this was a day in autumn when brothers would travel to meet their sisters, or invite their sister's family to their village to celebrate their sister-brother bond with the bounty of seasonal harvests. Amavasya is thought of as the darkest night of the year and is holy to Hindus. The height of Diwali is celebrated on the third day coinciding with the darkest night of Ashvin or Kartika. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your device and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. As per India's official holiday calendar, Diwali in 2020 will be on Saturday, November 14, coinciding with the 15th day of Kartik, the holiest month in the Hindu lunar calendar. The Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue was founded as Secretariat for non-Christians by Pope Paul VI. Diwali, also spelled Divali, one of the major religious festivals in Hinduism, Jainism, and Sikhism, lasting for five days from the 13th day of the dark half of the lunar month Ashvina to the second day of the light half of the lunar month Karttika. [114], According to Tracy Pintchman, Dhanteras is a symbol of annual renewal, cleansing and an auspicious beginning for the next year. [120] The term "chhoti" means little, while "Naraka" means hell and "Chaturdashi" means "fourteenth". [143] According to Kinsley, the ritual use of cow dung, a common fertiliser, is an agricultural motif and a celebration of its significance to annual crop cycles. "When Is Diwali in 2021, 2022 and 2023?" More Topics In India, while everyone celebrates Deepavali, people don't amass in public, but rather in small groups with their friends and families in homes, neighborhoods, and local temple communities. iStockphoto.com/SoumenNath What Do People Do? [176], Every year during Diwali, Indian forces approach their Pakistani counterparts at the border bearing gifts of traditional Indian confectionery, a gesture that is returned in kind by the Pakistani soldiers who give Pakistani sweets to the Indian soldiers. Diwali, for Vasavada, would always culminate in a large family feast with enough food to feed a small town. We usually plan for our parents to visit us during this period but the pandemic has made it difficult this year for everyone. This legend is remembered through the ritual of building small mountain-like miniatures from cow dung. [64][65][d][e], Publications from the British colonial era also made mention of Diwali, such as the note on Hindu festivals published in 1799 by Sir William Jones, a philologist known for his early observations on Sanskrit and Indo-European languages. [168], Diwali has increasingly attracted cultural exchanges, becoming occasions for politicians and religious leaders worldwide to meet Hindu or Indian origin citizens, diplomatic staff or neighbours.

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