Make the most of your money by signing up to our newsletter for. The Maastricht Treaty (officially the Treaty on European Union), signed on 7 February 1992 by the members of the European Communities in Maastricht, Netherlands, created the European Union (EU); established a three-pillar structure for further European integration; and laid down the "convergence criteria" for the introduction of the euro in 2002 as a common European currency. Le traité institue également une citoyenneté européenne, renforce les pouvoirs du Parlement européen et institue l'Union économique et monétaire. The Maastricht Treaty formally established these stages: Along with setting out the timeline for the introduction of the single currency, the Treaty also established rules on how the euro would work in practice. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Le traité institue l'Union économique et monétaire (UEM), permettant ainsi de passer à la réalisation de ses deuxième et troisième étapes prévues dans le rapport Delors. As part of the treaty’s second pillar, members undertook to define and implement common foreign and security policies. It laid the foundations for a single currency, the euro, and significantly expanded cooperation between European countries in a number of new areas: It questions the very integrity of our nation.". Dans un premier temps, le Conseil européen de Hanovre de juin 1988 confirme l'objectif de la réalisation progressive de l’Union économique et monétaire et charge un Comité dirigé par Jacques Delors, président de la Commission européenne, d'étudier les étapes concrètes devant mener à cette union[2],[3]. In early November, after the Czech Constitutional Court ruled that the treaty did not imperil the Czech constitution, Klaus reluctantly endorsed the document, completing the country’s ratification process. EU citizens now enjoy a range of rights even when in another member states.

The fall of the wall, and the German desire for reunification, raised questions about the future of Europe. The Berlin Wall is breached, November 1989. See what has changed in our privacy policy, Five things you need to know about the Maastricht Treaty, Financial stability and macroprudential policy, Euro area economic and financial developments by institutional sector, Euro area insurance corporation statistics, Euro area financial vehicle corporation statistics, Webcasts: hearings at European Parliament, Meetings of the Governing Council and the General Council, Banking Industry Dialogue on ESCB statistics, Implementation of ESA 2010 in euro area accounts, About the Statistical Data Warehouse (SDW), Selected euro area statistics and national breakdowns, Credit institutions and money market funds, Estimated MFI loans to NFCs by economic activity (NACE), Financial corporations engaged in lending, Long-term interest rate statistics for convergence purposes, Financial integration and structure in the euro area, Balance of payments and other external statistics, Balance of payments and international investment position, International reserves and foreign currency liquidity, Cross-border collateral in Eurosystem credit operations, Payment services, large-value and retail payment systems, Securities trading, clearing and settlement, ECB survey of professional forecasters (SPF), Survey on the access to finance of enterprises (SAFE), Household finance and consumption survey (HFCS), Survey on credit terms and conditions in euro-denominated securities financing and over-the-counter derivatives markets (SESFOD), Emergency liquidity assistance (ELA) and monetary policy, Securities settlement systems and central counterparties, Other infrastructures and service providers, Advisory groups on market infrastructures, Debt Issuance Market Contact Group (DIMCG), European Forum for Innovation in Payments (EFIP), I understand and I accept the use of cookies, See what has changed in our privacy policy, European citizenship was created, allowing citizens to reside in and move freely between Member States, a common foreign and security policy was established, closer cooperation between police and the judiciary in criminal matters was agreed, the Stability and Growth Pact was agreed in 1997 to ensure that countries followed sound budgetary policies, the European Stability Mechanism was established to provide financial assistance to euro area countries experiencing or threatened by severe financing problems, the Single Supervisory Mechanism and the Single Resolution Board were created after the financial crisis to make the European banking system safer, as well as to increase financial integration and stability.

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